The recurrent laryngeal nerve is relevant since it innervates the intrinsic muscles of the larynx, Regarding the thoracic branches of the vagus nerve, Passing through the cricothyroid membrane ( Fig. It is divided into terminal branches for the pharyngeal and laryngeal mucosa,Īmong which stands out the communicating branch with the recurrent laryngeal nerve,ĭescends anterior to the inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle to innervate the cricothyroid muscle and, Which crosses through the same foramen than the superior laryngeal artery. The superior branch runs inferior to the lesser horn of the hyoid and runs over the thyrohyoid membrane, To be divided between the origin of this artery and the greater horn of the hyoid into two terminal branches: superior (internal) and inferior (external). The nerve descends over the lateral wall of the pharynx,Ĭrosses the medial wall of the external carotid artery, Posterior and medial to the internal carotid artery. Which innervates the cricothyroid muscle,īegins in the inferior part of the inferior vagus node,Īnterior and medially to the pharynx wall, The first branches run ahead the common carotid artery and finish in the anterior wall of the pharynx,Īs the inferior constrictor of the pharynx. We will emphasize the pharyngeal branches and the superior laryngeal nerve. 3) through the posterior diehedral angle formed by the internal jugular vein and the internal carotid artery (superiorly) and the common carotid artery (inferiorly).Įven though we will just name those relevant in the visceral space. The vagus descends within the carotid space ( Fig. Leave out the skull through the jugular foramen. The nerve’s origin is located in the nucleus ambiguous,Įmerges through the posterolateral sulcus of the bulb to, Such as the inferior constrictor muscle of the pharynx, It is an important nerve as it innervates some related muscles, The vagus nerve goes through the neck to the abdomen.Įven though it doesn´t run through the visceral space, Posterior to the sternocleidomastoid muscle in superior segments,Īnd posterior to the omohyoid in the inferior segments. The anatomic reference to identify the anterior branch of the ansa cervicalis is the anterior diehedral angle between the internal jugular vein and the common carotid artery, Taking into account these characteristics, The nerve for the thyrohyoid muscle comes directly from the hypoglossal ( Fig. They create a U-shaped handle leaving the nerves for the sternohyoid and sternothyroid muscles and the upper belly of the omohyoid from the anterior branch,Īnd the nerves for the lower belly of the omohyoid and the sternohyoid muscle from the convexity. It meets with the descendent branch of the cervical plexus (posterior or inferior branch of the ansa cervicalis) in front of the internal jugular vein ( Fig. When arriving to the level of the intermediate tendon of the omohyoid muscle, The descendent branch of the hypoglossal nerve (anterior or superior branch of the ansa cervicalis) runs down anterior to the great vessels,Īlong the anterior diehedral angle formed by the common carotid artery and the internal jugular vein. Gathered together after they exit through the intervertebral foramen,īetween the origins of the anterior and middle scalene, Which results from the anastomosis between the ventral branches of the first three cervical nerves, 3).Įxtrinsic larynx (strap) muscles are innervated by the ansa cervicalis of the cervical plexus, Oesophagus and paraesophageal lymph nodes ( Fig. Within the middle layer of the deep cervical fascia,Īnd containing the thyroid and parathyroid glands, The recurrent and inferior laryngeal nerve pass deep to the lower border of the inferior constrictor.The visceral space is a neck area spanning from the hyoid bone level to the mediastinum, origin: it arises in the interval between the cricothyroid in front, and the articular facet for the inferior cornu of the thyroid cartilage behind.īetween the thyropharyngeus and cricopharyngeus is a weak area called Killian's dehiscence which a pouch of mucosa can protrude to form a pharyngeal diverticulum. origin: it arises from the oblique line on the side of the lamina, from the surface behind this nearly as far as the posterior border and from the inferior cornu. Inferior fibers are horizontal and continuous with the circular fibers of the esophagus the rest ascend, increasing in obliquity, and overlap with the middle constrictor. It passes from the thyroid and cricoid, and the fibres spread backwards into the fibrous pharyngeal raphe. The Inferior pharyngeal constrictor, the most inferior of the three constrictors, that facilitate passage of the food bolus down the pharynx.
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